Hymenoptera: Vespidae
Vespidae sp
An Orange Potter Wasp quietly sucking up water on the surface of a desert rock hole is attacked from behind by an unidentified wasp, possibly Vespidae, with black antennae and black head.
Several times I watched the larger Orange Potter Wasps being attacked while settled on the water by these smaller relatives, sometimes one-on-one and sometimes two or three of the smaller species at a time.
Mostly all parties flew away but the interaction sometimes ended with either the Orange Potter Wasp struggling in the water or a Vespid Wasp struck down.
It would seem that the smaller wasps recognise either something dangerous or unwanted competition in the larger wasp.